Strategi Inovatif Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa SMP: Perspektif Kognitif Piaget

Innovative Strategies to Overcome Learning Difficulties in Junior High School Students: A Piagetian Cognitive Perspective

Authors

  • Zhia Ajrin Mulya Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung, Indonesia
  • Indriani Kristanti Kurnia Putri Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung Jawa Barat, Indonesia
  • Sitti Chadjijah Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung Jawa Barat, Indonesia
  • Teguh Hariyanto STAI Kharisma Cicurug Sukabumi Jawa Barat, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70757/kharismatik.v2i2.94

Keywords:

Character, Cognitive Development, Learning Difficulties, Learning Strategies, Students

Abstract

Students' learning difficulties remain a fundamental issue in the field of education, particularly in mathematics at the elementary and secondary school levels. This study aims to analyze the factors causing students’ learning difficulties based on Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, and to explore effective strategies for addressing these issues through a holistic approach. The method employed in this research is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which is a structured and methodical approach to identifying, evaluating, and synthesizing previous relevant studies. The literature was purposively selected from various national and international academic journals published between 2014 and 2024. The findings reveal that the mismatch between teaching methods and students’ stages of cognitive development is the primary cause of learning obstacles. In addition, affective factors such as emotional intelligence and spiritual well-being significantly influence students’ motivation and participation in the learning process. The study also finds that students’ engagement in religious activities can strengthen character and reduce non-cognitive learning barriers. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of an integrative approach that considers both cognitive and affective aspects in designing effective learning strategies. The implication is that teachers need to thoroughly understand students’ developmental stages in order to implement appropriate, adaptive, and holistic instructional methods.

References

Agustiana, W., & Novtiar, C. (2024). Pengaruh penggunaan bahan ajar liveworksheets dengan pendekatan saintifik untuk kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa pada pembelajaran materi statistika SMP. In JPMI (Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif) (Vol. 6, Issue 6, pp. 2221–2228). IKIP Siliwangi Bandung. https://doi.org/10.22460/jpmi.v6i6.20756

Ananda, E. R., & Wandini, R. R. (2022). Analisis Perspektif Guru dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran Matematika Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(3), 4173–4181. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2773

Bellert, A., & Graham, L. (2017). Educational approaches for students experiencing learning difficulties. In J. C. Horvath, J. M. Lodge, & J. Hattie (Eds.), From the laboratory to the classroom: Translating science of learning for teachers (pp. 229–250). Routledge.

Bryan, J. S., Jan K. (2000). Instructional strategies for promoting conceptual change: Supporting middle school students. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 16(2), 139–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/105735600278006

Bucalos, A. B., & Lingo, A. S. (2005). Filling the Potholes in the Road to Inclusion: Successful research-based strategies for intermediate and middle school students with mild disabilities. Teaching Exceptional Children-Plus, 1(4). https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ966515.pdf

Dahnial, F. (2024). Strategi Inovatif dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam untuk Mengatasi Masalah Perilaku di Sekolah SMP Muhammadiyah 49 Medan. In Integrasi: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (Vol. 2, Issue 3, pp. 179–192). Yayasan Perguruan Rahmat Islamiyah Medan. https://doi.org/10.56114/integrasi.v2i3.11968

Damayanti, D., & Safari, Y. (2024). Peran Guru dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa pada Pelajaran Matematika. In Karimah Tauhid (Vol. 3, Issue 9, pp. 10299–10305). Universitas Djuanda. https://doi.org/10.30997/karimahtauhid.v3i9.14682

Efendi, B. M. S., Ayu, D. P., Kartikasari, A. A., Majidah, E., Putri, I. A., Pratiwi, I., Laraswati, L., Fitrianingsih, L., Ngelo, A., & Wahyuningtyas, N. (2022). Pendampingan Belajar untuk Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar dan Pengerjaan Tugas pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 bagi Siswa SMP di Desa Sidodadi, Kecamatan Ngantang. In Jurnal Anugerah (Vol. 4, Issue 2, pp. 211–220). Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji. https://doi.org/10.31629/anugerah.v4i2.5051

Fachri, M., & Azizah, F. N. (2020). STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI DALAM MENGATASI KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA DI MADRASAH. In MANAGERE : Indonesian Journal of Educational Management (Vol. 2, Issue 1, pp. 98–108). Perkumpulan Manajer Pendidikan Islam (PERMAPENDIS) Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.52627/ijeam.v2i1.29

Falah, H., Agustiani, N., & Nurcahyono, N. A. (2021). ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SMP BERDASARKAN MOTIVASI PADA PEMBELAJARAN DARING. In Jurnal PEKA (Pendidikan Matematika) (Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 8–17). Universitas Muhammadiyah Sukabumi. https://doi.org/10.37150/jp.v5i1.1253

Hidayah, N. (2023). PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN JIGSAW PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 7 HALMAHERA UTARA. In ACTION : Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dan Sekolah (Vol. 3, Issue 1, pp. 42–47). Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.51878/action.v3i1.1983

Humisar, H. (2021). PENERAPAN STRATEGI ACTIVE LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA SISWA KELAS VII.1 SMP NEGERI 2 MANDAU. In Perspektif Pendidikan dan Keguruan (Vol. 12, Issue 2, pp. 153–158). UIR Press. https://doi.org/10.25299/perspektif.2021.vol12(2).3114

Joseph, N. (2009). Metacognition Needed: Teaching Middle and High School Students to Develop Strategic Learning Skills. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 54(2), 99–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/10459880903217770

Lubis, U. A., Fuadi, A., & Ramayani, N. (2022). Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Smartphone Dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Aqidah Akhlak Siswa Kelas VIII MTs Tarbiyah Waladiyah Pulau Banyak. In ALACRITY : Journal of Education (pp. 1–14). Lembaga Peduli Pengembangan Pendidikan Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.52121/alacrity.v2i3.106

Michal, A., Fansher, M., Sun, X., Zhang, H., & Shah, P. (2022). Cognitive Development: Applications to Education. In A. O’Donnell, N. C. Barnes, & J. Reeve (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Educational Psychology (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199841332.013.7

Mustafa, N., & Kaimudin, A. (2023). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Talking Stick Dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran PKn di MAN 2 Halut. In EDUKASI (Vol. 21, Issue 2, pp. 356–362). LPPM Universitas Khairun. https://doi.org/10.33387/j.edu.v21i2.6275

Nuraeni, N., & Syihabuddin, S. A. (2020). Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa dengan Pendekatan Kognitif. Jurnal BELAINDIKA (Pembelajaran Dan Inovasi Pendidikan), 2(1), 19–20. https://doi.org/10.52005/belaindika.v2i1.24

O’Brien, C. (2005). Modifying Learning Strategies for Classroom Success. Teaching Exceptional Children-Plus, 1. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53785464

Oktaviana Putri, A. (2021). Pengembangan Tes Diagnostik Berbentuk Uraian Berdasarkan Ranah Kognitif untuk Mengetahui Letak Kesulitan Belajar Siswa SMP pada Materi Bangun Ruang. JURNAL PUSAKA, 10(1), 40–54. https://doi.org/10.35897/ps.v10i1.597

Rahmi, L., & Hamimi, L. (2024). Peningkatan Literasi Matematis Siswa SMP Melalui Pembelajaran Inovatif Realistik E-Learning. In Kognitif: Jurnal Riset HOTS Pendidikan Matematika (Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp. 578–588). Education and Talent Development Center Indonesia (ETDC Indonesia). https://doi.org/10.51574/kognitif.v4i1.1569

Ratnawati, E. (2022). STRATEGI BERNYANYI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI KONVERSI SUHU DI SMP NEGERI 1 ANGGANA. STRATEGY : Jurnal Inovasi Strategi Dan Model Pembelajaran, 2(4), 443–453. https://doi.org/10.51878/strategi.v2i4.1692

Rosadi, A. (2024). Analisis Kecerdasan Emosional dan Intelektual terhadap Akhlak Remaja dengan Kegiatan Keagaman sebagai Variabel Intervening. In Ta’allum: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam (Vol. 12, Issue 1, pp. 76–96). IAIN Tulungagung. https://doi.org/10.21274/taalum.2024.12.1.76-96

Rusmiati, A., & Chotimah, S. (2022). IDENTIFIKASI KESULITAN SISWA SMP DALAM MENGERJAKAN SOAL ARITMATIKA SOSIAL. In JPMI (Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif) (Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 365–365). IKIP Siliwangi Bandung. https://doi.org/10.22460/jpmi.v5i2.9904

Siskawati, E., Azizahwati, A., & Syaflita, D. (2023). PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CHILDREN LEARNING IN SCIENCE (CLIS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF SISWA PADA MATERI TEKANAN KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 7 TAMBANG. In SILAMPARI JURNAL PENDIDIKAN ILMU FISIKA (Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 172–184). LP4MK STKIP PGRI Lubuklinggau. https://doi.org/10.31540/sjpif.v5i2.2285

Sofiyah, K., Khotimah Ritonga, K., Yuliana Lubis, R., & Sari Rambe, W. (2024). Strategi Pembelajaran Efektif Untuk Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Calakan : Jurnal Sastra, Bahasa, Dan Budaya, 3(1), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.61492/calakan.v3i1.229

Suri, H. A., Setiawan, D., & Wijaya, A. (2024). Strategi Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam Dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa Melalui Pembelajaran Kontekstual. In Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan (Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp. 153–163). Kuras Institute. https://doi.org/10.51214/bip.v4i1.914

Sutrisno, T., & Ningsih, E. Y. (2024). STRATEGI WALI KELAS DALAM MENGATASI KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA. In Adi Widya: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar (Vol. 9, Issue 1, pp. 9–19). Institut Hindu Dharma Negeri Denpasar. https://doi.org/10.25078/aw.v9i1.3133

Teixeira, A. R., & Alliprandini, P. M. Z. (2013). Intervention in the use of learning strategies in face of learning difficulties. Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, 17(2), 279–288. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-85572013000200010

Ulfadhilah, K. (2021). Strategi Pembelajaran dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Online Anak Usia Dini. In Yinyang: Jurnal Studi Islam Gender dan Anak (pp. 113–132). UIN Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri. https://doi.org/10.24090/yinyang.v16i1.4456

Wasiah, U. (2021). ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SMP DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19. In Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Lampung (Vol. 9, Issue 3, pp. 307–317). Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Lampung. https://doi.org/10.23960/mtk/v9i3.pp307-317

Yudiernawati, A. (2022). IMPLEMENTASI COOPERATIVE LEARNING (STAD) DAN GAYA KOGNITIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PADA MATA KULIAH KLINIK KEPERAWATAN. In STRATEGY : Jurnal Inovasi Strategi dan Model Pembelajaran (Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp. 161–169). Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.51878/strategi.v2i2.1176

Zaenal, R. M. (2023). Strategi Guru Ekonomi Dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa Di MAN Purwakarta. In Journal on Education (Vol. 6, Issue 1, pp. 2147–2154). Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v6i1.3215

Zhahiriyah, F., Waspodo, M., & Madjid, A. (2022). Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Total Physical Response Melalui Blended Learning Untuk Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Bahasa Inggris Peserta Didik Kelas VII SMP Islam Azzhahiriyah. In Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan (Vol. 11, Issue 2, pp. 216–228). LPPM Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor. https://doi.org/10.32832/tek.pend.v11i2.6049

Zhang, H., Chang, L., Chen, X., Ma, L., & Zhou, R. (2018). Working Memory Updating Training Improves Mathematics Performance in Middle School Students With Learning Difficulties. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12, 154. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00154

Ziliwu, D. (2020). Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Guided Inquiry Pada Pembelajaran Biologi untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada SMP Negeri 3 Namohalu Esiwa. In Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan (Vol. 4, Issue 2, pp. 461–469). STKIP Muhammadiyah Enrekang. https://doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v4i2.3017

Zuhdi, A., Nurhalis, & Mulyarti. (2021). STRATEGI GURU BIMBINGAN KONSELING MENGATASI KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA SMP NEGERI 46 KERINCI: Strategi, Guru, Bimbingan, Konseling. Qawwam : The Leader’s Writing, 2(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.32939/qawwam.v2i1.84

Downloads

Published

2024-10-31

How to Cite

Mulya, Z. A., Putri, I. K. K., Chadjijah, S., & Hariyanto, T. (2024). Strategi Inovatif Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa SMP: Perspektif Kognitif Piaget: Innovative Strategies to Overcome Learning Difficulties in Junior High School Students: A Piagetian Cognitive Perspective. Kharismatik : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 2(2), 108–119. https://doi.org/10.70757/kharismatik.v2i2.94

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Oktober 2024

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish articles in Kharismatik agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright of the article and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a CC-BY-SA or The Creative Commons Attribution–ShareAlike 4.0.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).